Which principle emphasizes limiting user access to necessary information?

The principle that emphasizes limiting user access to necessary information is the concept of least privilege. This principle is foundational in IT security, as it dictates that users should only be granted the minimum level of access necessary to perform their specific job functions. By adhering to this principle, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive data and mitigate potential damage from data breaches or insider threats. Restricting access ensures that individuals can only interact with the information vital to their duties, thus maintaining confidentiality and integrity within the system.

In practical terms, implementing least privilege might involve defining user roles and setting permissions that restrict access to only those resources that are relevant to their tasks. This not only helps safeguard intellectual property and sensitive information but also limits exposure in the event of a compromised account.

Other options relate to access controls and data management but do not emphasize this specific aspect of limiting access based on necessity.